Who is ϳԹ?
ϳԹ is a Berlin- and Barcelona-based advanced manufacturing company building industrial inkjet printing systems. Founded in 2018, it focuses on printing high-viscosity, functional materials for real manufacturing use cases across electronics, automotive, and medical applications — think adhesives, functional coatings, and conductive inks. Its core technology, NovoJet®, enables precise printing viscosities that traditional inkjet systems can’t handle, bridging the gap between R&D experimentation and scalable production. In short: ϳԹ aims to digitize, modernize, and optimize fluid deposition in manufacturing.
When and where was ϳԹ founded?
ϳԹ was founded in 2018 in Berlin, Germany.
How large is ϳԹ?
ϳԹ is a team of more than 50 people across its Berlin and Barcelona hubs, spanning printhead development, hardware, software, electronics, materials science, and commercial functions.
Is ϳԹ a 3D printing company?
ϳԹ’s technology originated in multi-material additive manufacturing, and the NovoJet® printhead can be used for both 2D and 3D deposition. However, today, ϳԹ’s products and commercial focus are on industrial 2D and 2.5D functional fluid deposition — applying adhesives, coatings, and functional layers onto components and substrates within high-volume manufacturing lines. ϳԹ is a provider of industrial digital printing technology, not a desktop or consumer 3D-printer manufacturer.
What stage is ϳԹ at commercially?
ϳԹ shipped its first commercial R&D systems in 2025 and is actively converting paid trials and application development engagements into hardware sales. ϳԹ’s production systems are currently in development.
What markets is ϳԹ targeting?
ϳԹ's primary focus is industrial material deposition across several active application areas: window profiles (replacing foil lamination), e-motor stacking (replacing dispensing), battery cell insulation (replacing spray and slot-die coating), printed electronics including PCB conformal coatings and conductive inks (replacing spray coating and screen printing), and automotive coatings (replacing spray coating). The company is exploring applications in aerospace, automotive, displays, electronics, flooring, fuel cells, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and more.
How do I start working with ϳԹ?
Most engagements begin with application development (paid services): ϳԹ assesses a material’s jetting feasibility and develops the process for a target application. This typically includes material characterization (viscosity, surface tension, particle size), jetting trials using the JetPack, print trials on the NovoJet® OPEN Printer with the customer’s substrates, waveform and process optimization, and a report. More advanced engagements can extend to integration and pilot-line support.
What happens after a successful trial?
Successful trials typically progress to hardware acquisition (JetPack or NovoJet® OPEN Printer for further internal development) or joint development agreements leading to Print Engine integration or a custom printing system.
What support does ϳԹ provide?
ϳԹ provides installation guidance, training, and ongoing technical support for its hardware offerings, including on-site installation support as part of a service agreement.
How to reach ϳԹ?
The best way to get in contact with ϳԹ is to fill out the form on ϳԹ’s contact page.
What is NovoJet®?
The NovoJet® printhead is ϳԹ’s proprietary piezo inkjet printhead, engineered to jet high-viscosity, particle-loaded, and rheologically complex materials that conventional printheads cannot. Its novel actuator produces far greater displacement than a standard piezo printhead, enabling drop-on-demand deposition of demanding functional fluids at high frequency.
What is ϳԹ's IP position?
ϳԹ owns its core technology. ϳԹ has 9 patent families filed, covering the NovoJet® printhead technology, actuation mechanism, and process applications.
Does any partner own or have rights to ϳԹ’s IP?
No. ϳԹ retains full ownership of its intellectual property. Its manufacturing and reseller partnerships do not transfer, license, or grant rights to ϳԹ’s IP.
Is high graphic resolution a strength of NovoJet®?
High resolution graphical applications are not NovoJet®’s primary value proposition. NovoJet® is designed for functional deposition — larger drops (200–600 pL), high-viscosity materials, and industrial throughput — rather than fine-detail graphics. The specifications are optimized for coatings, adhesives, and functional layers.
What is the number of nozzles?
96 nozzles per printhead, arranged in a single row.
What are the printhead size and dimensions?
190mm (L), 30mm (W), 24mm (H)
What is the nozzle diameter?
At the moment, ϳԹ is working mostly with a 70µm nozzle diameter. Because ϳԹ owns the printhead IP, custom diameters can be explored to match specific material requirements in terms of surface tension and elasticity. E.g. 50µm, 60µm, 90µm, and 110µm.
What is the material of the nozzle plate?
Polyimide (alternatives currently under evaluation).
Up to what viscosity can the material be ejected?
Up to 250 mPa·s at jetting temperature is our recommended limit but what that translates to at room temperature can be much higher depending on the material and how it reacts to temperature and shear.
As an example, we have printed an industrial adhesive that has a viscosity of up to 14,000 mPa·s at room temperature, but during jetting, heating and shear thinning behaviors significantly reduced the viscosity of this material to around 100 mPa·s during jetting.
e.g. NovoJet® printed a 250 mPa·s, Non-Newtonian fluid measured at a shear rate of 100 s-1
Print swath width (the total width of nozzles – from nozzle to nozzle)?
120.65mm
Nozzle pitch (space in between each nozzle)
1.27 mm nozzle pitch (20 nozzles per inch).
Do we heat the material inside the printheads?
Yes, we can heat material, but we also get requests from customers to not heat materials.
What is the operating temperature range?
We recommend 20–80°C. The system can technically operate up to 100–110°C, but 80°C is the standard rated maximum.
What is the maximum jetting frequency?
Up to 8 kHz. Practical frequency during printing depends on the material's working window and backpressure settings.
What particle sizes can be handled?
Up to 10 µm D99 (based on a theoretical datapoint of 1/10 the nozzle diameter, assuming a 100 µm nozzle). Filtering must be performed in the ink supply system before the fluid enters the printhead — there is no internal filter in the printhead.
What is the fluid surface tension requirement?
20+ mN/m
What are the types of inks which can be worked with?
Material families include UV-curable inks and resins, epoxies and adhesives, silicones, functional and protective coatings, conductive inks and pastes, and aqueous and solvent-based inks. Actual jettability depends on additional fluid properties such as non-Newtonian behavior, viscosity stability over time, elasticity, and particle concentration and distribution.
What is the drop volume and jetting velocity which we can achieve with our nozzles?
Material dependent. 200–600 pL depending on material properties, waveform, and nozzle size. This is relatively large compared to conventional inkjet, which is advantageous for coating and adhesive applications.
What is the maximum throw distance?
Typically between 1–5 mm typical, but higher throw distances (10mm+) can be achieved based on application requirements and material characteristics.
Is there a filter or anything inside the head?
Filtering must be done in the ink system, before the ink enters the printhead. We are currently exploring different filtering options for our products.
What is the expected nozzle life?
3 × 10¹⁰ single-pulse actuations per nozzle.
How is the fluid handled inside the printhead?
The printhead operates in recirculation mode. The inlet pump has positive pressure and the outlet has negative, maintaining a constant pressure difference through the fluid chamber above the nozzles. This prevents air ingestion and material leakage while maintaining stable meniscus control. Meniscus size can vary by adjusting the pressure difference.
What products does ϳԹ offer?
ϳԹ offers three systems built around the NovoJet® printhead:
JetPack: An R&D module integrating a single NovoJet® printhead with a fluid-handling system, used for material characterization, jetting-feasibility testing, and optimization.
NovoJet® OPEN Printer: An open R&D printing system for developing applications and printing functional samples, supporting one or more printhead modules with a programmable motion system for 2D / 2.5D printing.
Print Engine: A modular, integrable production system designed to deposit high-viscosity materials directly within manufacturing lines.
What is the JetPack?
The JetPack is ϳԹ's printhead evaluation and material development module. It is designed for engineers and material scientists who want to explore inkjet jetting feasibility for their materials without investing in a full printing system. It integrates a single NovoJet® printhead with a fluid handling system. Price: ~€36k
JetPack Dimensions?
108 mm (W), 440 mm (D), 700 mm (D)
Does the JetPack come with a dropwatcher or camera?
No, but ϳԹ partners with ImageXpert and Droptical who offer compatible dropwatching solutions. Most dropwatchers with standard I/O should be compatible.
What dropwatchers are compatible with it?
Most dropwatchers with an input/output should be compatible.
What is the minimum flow rate that can be achieved in the JetPack?
Flow rate can range from 0 to 60 ml/min depending on the material.
Minimum amount of fluid for circulation in the JetPack?
80 mL minimum fluid in the system for stable circulation.
JetPack material cartridge volume size?
250 mL per material cartridge.
What is the NovoJet® OPEN Printer?
The NovoJet® OPEN Printer is an R&D printing system designed for customers developing applications and printing samples. It allows integration of one or more NovoJet® printhead modules and provides a programmable motion system for 2D/2.5D printing. It is currently targeted at research labs, universities, and industrial R&D centres. Price depends on number of modules but starting around ~€170k
NovoJet® OPEN Dimensions?
System with enclosure: 1284 (W), 1914 (H), 875 (D)
Total Weight: 210kg (110kg system, 100kg enclosure)
How many modules can go into NovoJet® OPEN?
Up to 4 modules.
What is the Print Engine?
The Print Engine is ϳԹ’s production-oriented system, designed to be integrated into manufacturing lines for high-speed deposition of high-viscosity functional materials. It uses drive electronics from Meteor Inkjet, an industry standard for printhead drive electronics, to deliver reliable, production-grade jetting.
What is the Print Engine pricing?
Print Engine pricing varies by configuration and application, but starts around ~€50,000. Full pilot line configurations are priced individually. The company is evolving from transactional hardware sales toward complete pilot line offerings.
What is included in Application Development Services?
These billable services include material characterisation (viscosity, surface tension, particle size), jetting feasibility assessment using the JetPack, print trials on the NovoJet® OPEN Printer with customer substrates, optimization of waveform and process parameters, and a final report with recommendations. For more advanced engagements, ϳԹ supports integration and pilot line setup.
What applications have been validated or are actively in trial?
Active and completed trials include: e-motor adhesive bonding, battery insulation coating, window profile coating, glass primer, pharmaceutical dispensing, and other functional printing.
What types of materials can you work with? What materials have been successfully jetted?
UV resins, epoxy and adhesives (including Kisling 2206 at 85 mPa·s jetting temp), silicones, functional topcoats and protective coatings, conductive inks and silver pastes, battery insulation coatings, solder mask materials, aqueous inks, and solvent-based inks (with material compatibility testing required).
What is ϳԹ doing around e-motor manufacturing?
ϳԹ is developing a NovoJet®-based solution for depositing adhesive onto rotor/stator lamellae in electric motors with drop-on-demand precision. Current development work shows the potential to replace micro-dispensing, enabling exact pattern placement, reduced material waste, and in-line UV curing without ovens.
What is ϳԹ doing around window profile manufacturing?
ϳԹ is developing a NovoJet®-based solution to replace foil lamination on PVC and aluminium window profiles with digital inkjet deposition of protective topcoats. Early results show promising performance, with trials achieving 30N+ scratch resistance (vs. 12N for foil).
What is ϳԹ doing around battery manufacturing?
ϳԹ is developing a NovoJet®-based solution for applying insulation coatings on prismatic battery cell casings. Early trials show promising results, including ~60% reduction in material waste compared to spray coating and improved insulation performance on corners and edges.
What is ϳԹ doing in automotive manufacturing?
ϳԹ has several active development projects in automotive manufacturing, spanning adhesives, insulation coatings, and primers. Modern vehicles contain thousands of components requiring precise coating, bonding, sealing, and insulation — making automotive one of the broadest application areas for high-viscosity inkjet. NovoJet® is being developed as a replacement for legacy deposition methods such as spray coating, dispensing, and film lamination, which are reaching their precision and flexibility limits as EV manufacturing raises performance requirements around insulation, bonding, and coating.
How much do Application Development Services cost?
Costs are based on a daily rate, and a percentage can be calculated against a first hardware purchase.
How long does a typical Application Development engagement take?
Duration depends on material complexity, application goals, and team availability. Standard material and jetting trials can typically be completed within 2–4 weeks. If material reformulation is required, the process takes longer.
Who does ϳԹ partner with?
ϳԹ works with materials companies, research institutes, machine integrators, and OEMs across automotive, electronics, energy, and construction industries.
Its customers include many leading Tier-1 manufacturers working towards integrating NovoJet® technology into global production lines to transition from legacy analog hardware to digital workflows. Most customer engagements are covered by NDAs; which is why ϳԹ does not disclose customer names or specific application details.
What is ϳԹ’s relationship with Xaar?
Xaar is a manufacturing and reseller partner. Xaar manufactures NovoJet® printheads to ϳԹ’s specifications at its facility in the United Kingdom, and acts as a non-exclusive reseller of ϳԹ’s solutions. ϳԹ retains full ownership of the NovoJet™ technology and all related intellectual property. The partnership is a manufacturing and distribution arrangement: it does not grant Xaar ownership of, or rights to, ϳԹ’s IP, and it is not an exclusive arrangement.
Who manufactures the NovoJet® printhead?
NovoJet® printheads are manufactured in partnership with Xaar, a UK-based inkjet manufacturer, at its production facility. ϳԹ owns the printhead design and all associated intellectual property.
What electronics drive ϳԹ’s systems?
ϳԹ’s Print Engine uses drive electronics from Meteor Inkjet, combining ϳԹ’s printhead and materials expertise with Meteor’s proven, widely used printhead drive electronics and software.
Who are ϳԹ's other partners?
ϳԹ works with partners across several categories:
R&D organizations and research institutes: Fraunhofer IPA, iPrint, KIT (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology), and DoDxAct for application development.
Materials development: Tiger Coatings (functional coatings), Elantas (conductive and dielectric fluids), and Joanneum Research (silicone).
Drop analysis and quality control: Droptical (inline production monitoring, joint ZIM project with Fraunhofer IPA) and ImageXpert (premium dropwatching packages compatible with the JetPack).
Dental partner: ϳԹ is engaged in a joint development project with a dental partner (not named publicly) for a custom inkjet system.
Who are ϳԹ's competitors?
In the high-viscosity inkjet space, the closest technology comparisons are custom-built inkjet integrators. However, ϳԹ's viscosity range (up to 250 mPa·s at jetting temperature) is not matched by any standard commercial inkjet printhead. The real competition is analog technology — dispensing, spray coating, screen printing — which NovoJet® aims to replace in industrial production lines.
What makes NovoJet®’s printhead design unique?
Conventional inkjet is limited to ~5–50 mPa·s viscosity and particle sizes below 100 nm. NovoJet® handles up to 250 mPa·s at jetting temperature (equivalent to materials up to ~14,000 mPa·s at room temperature due to heating and shear thinning), particles up to 10 µm D99, and fill rates up to 50 wt%. This opens up materials like UV resins, adhesives, silicones, conductive and dielectric inks that were previously impossible to jet digitally.
Can conventional inkjet systems handle the same materials?
No. Conventional inkjet (Xaar, Kyocera, Ricoh, Epson) is typically limited to ~5–50 mPa·s and particle sizes below 100 nm. This excludes the vast majority of functional materials.
How does NovoJet® compare to analog dispensing or spray coating?
Analog methods like dispensing and spray coating handle high-viscosity materials but lack digital precision, are wasteful, and inefficient. NovoJet® combines the material compatibility of analog systems with the digital precision, programmability, and efficiency of inkjet — enabling drop-on-demand, pattern customization, reduced material waste (up to 60% vs. spray in certain applications), and faster changeovers.
